Sound is transmitted through gases, plasma, and liquids as longitudinal waves that have the same direction of oscillation or vibration along their direction of travel while transverse waves (in solids) are waves of alternating shear stress at right angle to the direction of propagation.Sound waves are characterized by the generic properties of waves, which are frequency, wavelength, period, amplitude, intensity, speed, and direction.

• Amplitude: the height of the wave, measured in meters.
• Wavelength: the distance between adjacent crests, measured in meters.
• Period: the time it takes for one complete wave to pass a given point, measured in seconds.
• Frequency: the number of complete waves that pass a point in one second, measured in inverse seconds, or Hertz (Hz).
• Speed: the horizontal speed of a point on a wave as it propagates, measured in meters / second.

Equation :


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